ISO/TR 20174:2020 PDF: A comprehensive guide to the Japanese grouping system for materials for welding purposes
ISO 20174: A Guide to the Japanese Grouping System for Materials
If you are involved in welding or other activities that require the selection and classification of materials, you may have heard of ISO 20174. This is a technical report that provides a Japanese grouping system for materials for welding purposes, based on the international standard ISO/TR 15608. But what exactly is ISO 20174, and why is it useful? In this article, we will explain the scope, purpose, benefits, and main features of ISO 20174, as well as how to use it for material grouping, certification, and implementation.
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What is ISO 20174 and why is it important?
ISO 20174 is a document that was published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 2020. It is the second edition of the technical report that was first published in 2005. It provides a Japanese grouping system for materials for welding purposes, classified in accordance with the grouping system of ISO/TR 15608. It can also apply for other purposes, such as heat treatment, forming, and non-destructive testing.
The scope and purpose of ISO 20174
The scope of ISO 20174 covers grouping systems for the following standardized materials:
Steels
Aluminium and its alloys
Titanium and its alloys
The purpose of ISO 20174 is to provide a common basis for the selection and qualification of materials for welding and related processes. It aims to reduce the number of welding procedures and welder qualifications by allowing a range of materials with similar weldability or performance to be grouped together. It also facilitates the communication and exchange of information between different parties involved in welding, such as manufacturers, suppliers, customers, inspectors, and regulators.
The benefits of using ISO 20174 for welding and other purposes
Using ISO 20174 for material grouping has several advantages, such as:
Improving the quality and consistency of welding products and services
Enhancing the safety and reliability of welded structures and components
Simplifying the documentation and verification of welding procedures and welder qualifications
Reducing the costs and time associated with welding activities
Increasing the compatibility and interoperability of materials from different sources
Supporting the innovation and development of new materials and welding technologies
The main changes from the previous edition of ISO 20174
The second edition of ISO 20174 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 20174:2005), which has been technically revised. The main changes are:
The revision of Tables 1 to 3, which list the types of steels, aluminium and aluminium alloys, and titanium and titanium alloys in accordance with the grouping system of ISO/TR 15608:2017
The addition of new materials that have been standardized since the publication of the first edition
The deletion of obsolete materials that have been withdrawn from standardization
The alignment of the terms and definitions with those used in ISO/TR 15608:2017
How to use ISO 20174 for material grouping
To use ISO 20174 for material grouping, you need to follow the general principles of material grouping according to ISO/TR 15608, and then refer to the specific tables and examples provided by ISO 20174 for each type of material.
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The general principles of material grouping according to ISO/TR 15608
ISO/TR 15608 is a technical report that establishes a grouping system for materials for welding purposes. It is based on the concept of weldability, which is the ability of a material to be welded under specific conditions and to perform satisfactorily in the intended service. The weldability of a material depends on several factors, such as its chemical composition, mechanical properties, metallurgical structure, and welding process.
The grouping system of ISO/TR 15608 assigns materials to different groups and subgroups according to their weldability or performance characteristics. The groups are numbered from 1 to 11, and the subgroups are indicated by a decimal point followed by one or more digits. For example, group 1.1 refers to steels with a specified minimum yield strength of less than or equal to 275 MPa, and group 8.1 refers to aluminium alloys with a magnesium content of less than or equal to 0.8%.
The grouping system of ISO/TR 15608 allows the qualification of welding procedures and welders for a range of materials within the same group or subgroup, without the need for requalification for each individual material. It also provides guidance for the selection of filler materials and welding consumables for different groups and subgroups of materials.
The types of materials covered by ISO 20174 and their corresponding groups
ISO 20174 covers three types of materials that are commonly used in welding applications: steels, aluminium and aluminium alloys, and titanium and titanium alloys. Each type of material has its own table in ISO 20174 that lists the standardized materials and their corresponding groups and subgroups according to the grouping system of ISO/TR 15608. The tables also provide additional information, such as the standard designation, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and applicable welding processes for each material.
Steels
Steels are iron-based alloys that contain carbon and other elements that affect their weldability and performance. Steels are classified into different groups and subgroups according to their chemical composition, mechanical properties, metallurgical structure, and heat treatment condition. ISO 20174 provides Table 1 for steels, which covers the following groups and subgroups:
Group
Subgroup
Description
1
1.1
Steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH 275 MPa
1
1.2
Steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH > 275 MPa 360 MPa
2
2.1
Steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH > 360 MPa 460 MPa
2
2.2
Steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH > 460 MPa 690 MPa
3
3.1
C-Mn-Si steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH > 690 MPa 890 MPa
3
3.2
C-Mn-Si steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH > 890 MPa 960 MPa
4
4.1
C-Mn-Si steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH > 960 MPa 1100 MPa
5A,5B,5C,5D
-
C-Mn-Mo-Ni low-alloy steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH 550 MPa (grouped according to Mo content)
6A,6B,6C,6D,6E,6F,6G,6H,6I,6J,6K,6L,6M,6N,-Cr-Mo low-alloy steels with a specified minimum yield strength ReH 690 MPa (grouped according to Cr content)7A,7B,7C,7D
-
Cr-Mo-V low-alloy steels with a specified mi